![]() The half-life may be increased or decreased. Special Populations: Hepatic Function Impairment Use in Specific Populations Special Populations: Renal Function Impairment With very high doses, renal elimination may play more of a role however, dosage adjustment remains unnecessary for patients with renal impairment (Kandrotas 1992). Note: At therapeutic doses, elimination occurs rapidly via nonrenal mechanisms. Mean: 1.5 hours Range: 1 to 2 hours affected by obesity, renal function, malignancy, presence of pulmonary embolism, and infections. ![]() Premature neonates gestational age 25 to 36 weeks (data based on single dose of 100 units/kg within 4 hours of birth): Mean range: 35.5 to 41.6 minutes (McDonald 1981).ĭose-dependent: IV bolus: 25 units/kg: 30 minutes (Bjornsson 1982) 100 units/kg: 60 minutes (de Swart 1982) 400 units/kg: 150 minutes (Olsson 1963). ![]() With very high doses, renal elimination may play more of a role however, dosage adjustment remains unnecessary for patients with renal impairment (Kandrotas 1992).Ĭlearance: Age-related changes within neonatal population, slower clearance with lower GA however, when compared to adults, the overall clearance in neonatal and pediatric patients is faster than adults (ACCP McDonald 1981) Onset of ActionĪnticoagulation: IV: Immediate SubQ: ~20 to 30 minutes Half-Life EliminationĪge-related: Shorter half-life reported in premature neonates compared to adult patients. Urine (small amounts as unchanged drug) Note: At therapeutic doses, elimination occurs rapidly via nonrenal mechanisms. MetabolismĬomplex thought to occur by depolymerization and desulphation via the reticuloendothelial system primarily in the liver and spleen (ACCP Dawes 1979 Estes 1980 Kandrotas 1992) Excretion Premature neonates (data based on single dose of 100 units/kg within 4 hours of birth) (McDonald 1981): Inversely proportional to gestational age (GA).Īdults: Following a single 75 unit/kg dose: 36.6 ± 7.4 mL/kg (McDonald 1981). ![]() Oral, rectal: Erratic at best from these routes of administration SubQ absorption is also erratic, but considered acceptable for prophylactic use Distribution Potentiates the action of antithrombin III and thereby inactivates thrombin (as well as other coagulation factors IXa, Xa, XIa, XIIa, and plasmin) and prevents the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin heparin also stimulates release of lipoprotein lipase (lipoprotein lipase hydrolyzes triglycerides to glycerol and free fatty acids) Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics Absorption Solution Prefilled Syringe, Injection, as sodium : Generic: 10 units/mL (1 mL, 3 mL, 5 mL) 100 units/mL (1 mL, 3 mL, 5 mL) Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics) consult specific product labeling. ![]()
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